atmos_ocean_fluxes.F90

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!> \author Richard Slater <Richard.Slater@noaa.gov>
!! \author John Dunne <John.Dunne@noaa.gov>
!!
!! \brief Ocean Carbon Model Intercomparison Study II: Gas exchange coupler.
!! Implementation of routines to solve the gas fluxes at the
!! ocean surface for a coupled model as outlined in the Biotic-HOWTO
!! documentation, revision 1.7, 1999/10/05.
!!
!! http://ocmip5.ipsl.fr/documentation/OCMIP/phase2/simulations/Biotic/HOWTO-Biotic.html
!
!! This module will take fields from an atmospheric and an
!! oceanic model and calculate ocean surface fluxes for
!! CO2, O2, CFC-11 or CFC-12 as outlined in the various
!! HOWTO documents at the OCMIP2 website. Multiple instances
!! of a given tracer may be given, resulting in multiple
!! surface fluxes. Additionally, data may be overridden at
!! the individual fields, or fluxes. This could be used in
!! the absence of an atmospheric or oceanic model.
module  atmos_ocean_fluxes_mod
  use mpp_mod,           only: stdout, mpp_error, fatal, mpp_sum, mpp_npes
  use fms_mod,           only: write_version_number

  use coupler_types_mod, only: coupler_1d_bc_type
  use coupler_types_mod, only: ind_alpha, ind_csurf, ind_sc_no
  use coupler_types_mod, only: ind_pcair, ind_u10, ind_psurf
  use coupler_types_mod, only: ind_deposition
  use coupler_types_mod, only: ind_runoff
  use coupler_types_mod, only: ind_flux, ind_deltap, ind_kw, ind_flux0

  use field_manager_mod, only: fm_path_name_len, fm_string_len, fm_exists, fm_get_index
  use field_manager_mod, only: fm_new_list, fm_get_current_list, fm_change_list
  use field_manager_mod, only: fm_field_name_len, fm_type_name_len, fm_dump_list
  use field_manager_mod, only: fm_loop_over_list

  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_default_caller
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_get_length
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_set_value, fm_util_set_good_name_list
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_set_no_overwrite, fm_util_set_caller
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_reset_good_name_list, fm_util_reset_no_overwrite
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_reset_caller, fm_util_get_string_array
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_check_for_bad_fields, fm_util_get_string
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_get_real_array, fm_util_get_real, fm_util_get_integer
  use fm_util_mod,       only: fm_util_get_logical, fm_util_get_logical_array

  implicit none
  private

  public :: atmos_ocean_fluxes_init
  public :: atmos_ocean_type_fluxes_init
  public :: aof_set_coupler_flux

  character(len=*), parameter :: mod_name = 'atmos_ocean_fluxes_mod'
  real, parameter :: epsln=1.0e-30


  ! Include variable "version" to be written to log file.
#include<file_version.h>

contains

  !> \brief Set the values for a coupler flux and return its index (0 on error)
  !
  !! \throw FATAL, "Empty name given"
  !!     Name is empty
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not get coupler flux"
  !!     coupler_index is less than 1
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set coupler flux"
  !!     coupler_index is less than 1
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not get the current list"
  !!     Current list is empty
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not change to the new list"
  !!     fm_change_list(coupler_list) returns false
  !! \throw FATAL, "Blank flux_type given"
  !!     flux_type or implementation is empty
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type given from field_table"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type given as argument to the subroutine"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type/implementation (implementation given from field_table)"
  !!     flux_type does not equal flux_type_test
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type/implementation (flux_type given from field_table)"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type/implementation (both given from field_table)"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type/implementation given as argument to the subroutine"
  !! \throw NOTE, "Number of parameters provided for [variable] does not match the number of parameters required"
  !!     Mismatch between parameter input and the parameters being replaced
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not change back to [current_list]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Empty [name] list"
  function aof_set_coupler_flux(name, flux_type, implementation, atm_tr_index, param, flag,&
      & mol_wt, ice_restart_file, ocean_restart_file, units, caller, verbosity) &
      & result(coupler_index)
    character(len=*), intent(in)                :: name !< name
    character(len=*), intent(in)                :: flux_type !< flux_type
    character(len=*), intent(in)                :: implementation !< implementation
    integer, intent(in), optional               :: atm_tr_index !< atm_tr_index
    real, intent(in), dimension(:), optional    :: param !< param
    logical, intent(in), dimension(:), optional :: flag !< flag
    real, intent(in), optional                  :: mol_wt !< mol_wt
    character(len=*), intent(in), optional      :: ice_restart_file !< ice_restart_file
    character(len=*), intent(in), optional      :: ocean_restart_file !< ocean_restart_file
    character(len=*), intent(in), optional      :: units !< units
    character(len=*), intent(in), optional      :: caller !< caller
    integer,          intent(in), optional      :: verbosity  !< A 0-9 integer indicating a level of verbosity.

    integer :: coupler_index

    character(len=*), parameter  :: sub_name = 'aof_set_coupler_flux'

    integer                                                 :: n
    integer                                                 :: length
    integer                                                 :: num_parameters
    integer                                                 :: outunit
    character(len=fm_path_name_len)                         :: coupler_list
    character(len=fm_path_name_len)                         :: current_list
    character(len=fm_string_len)                            :: flux_type_test
    character(len=fm_string_len)                            :: implementation_test
    character(len=256)                                      :: error_header
    character(len=256)                                      :: warn_header
    character(len=256)                                      :: note_header
    character(len=128)                                      :: flux_list
    character(len=128)                                      :: caller_str
    character(len=fm_string_len), pointer, dimension(:)     :: good_list => null()
    character(len=256)                                      :: long_err_msg
    integer :: verbose ! An integer indicating the level of verbosity.

    verbose = 5 ! Default verbosity level
    if (present(verbosity)) verbose = verbosity

    ! Set the caller string and headers.
    if (present(caller)) then
      caller_str = '[' // trim(caller) // ']'
    else
      caller_str = fm_util_default_caller
    endif

    error_header = '==>Error from ' // trim(mod_name) //&
        & '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')' // trim(caller_str) // ':'
    warn_header = '==>Warning from ' // trim(mod_name) //&
        & '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')' // trim(caller_str) // ':'
    note_header = '==>Note from ' // trim(mod_name) //&
        & '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')' // trim(caller_str) // ':'

    ! Check that a name is given (fatal if not).
    if (name .eq. ' ') then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Empty name given')
    endif
    outunit = stdout()
    if (verbose >= 5) then
      write (outunit,*)
      write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' Processing coupler fluxes ', trim(name)
    endif

    ! Define the coupler list name.
    coupler_list = '/coupler_mod/fluxes/' // trim(name)

    ! Check whether a flux has already been set for this name, and if so, return the index for it
    ! (this is because the fluxes may be defined in both the atmosphere and ocean models) (check
    ! whether the good_list list exists, since this will indicate that this routine has already been
    ! called, and not just that the field table input has this list defined)
    if (fm_exists('/coupler_mod/GOOD/fluxes/' // trim(name) // '/good_list')) then
      if (verbose >= 5) then
        write (outunit,*)
        write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' Using previously defined coupler flux'
      endif
      coupler_index = fm_get_index(coupler_list)
      if (coupler_index .le. 0) then
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not get coupler flux ')
      endif

      ! Allow atm_tr_index to be set here, since it will only be set from atmospheric
      ! PEs, and the atmospheric routines call this routine last, thus overwriting the
      ! current value is safe (furthermore, this is not a value which could have any meaningful
      ! value set from the run script.
      if (present(atm_tr_index)) then
        if (verbose >= 5) &
            write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' Redefining atm_tr_index to ', atm_tr_index
        call fm_util_set_value(trim(coupler_list) // '/atm_tr_index', atm_tr_index,&
            & no_create = .true., no_overwrite = .false., caller = caller_str)
      endif
      return
    endif

    ! Set a new coupler flux and get its index.
    coupler_index = fm_new_list(coupler_list)
    if (coupler_index .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set coupler flux ')
    endif

    ! Change to the new list, first saving the current list.
    current_list = fm_get_current_list()
    if (current_list .eq. ' ') then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not get the current list')
    endif

    if (.not. fm_change_list(coupler_list)) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not change to the new list')
    endif

    ! Set the array in which to save the valid names for this list,
    ! used later for a consistency check. This is used in the fm_util_set_value
    ! routines to make the list of valid values.
    call fm_util_set_good_name_list('/coupler_mod/GOOD/fluxes/' // trim(name) // '/good_list')

    ! Set other defaults for the fm_util_set_value routines.
    call fm_util_set_no_overwrite(.true.)
    call fm_util_set_caller(caller_str)

    ! Set various values to given values, or to defaults if not given.
    if (flux_type .eq. ' ') then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Blank flux_type given')
    else
      if (fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(flux_type))) then
        call fm_util_set_value('flux_type', flux_type)

        ! Check that the flux_type that we will use (possibly given from the field_table)
        ! is defined.
        flux_type_test = fm_util_get_string('flux_type', scalar = .true.)
        if (.not. fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(flux_type_test))) then
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
              & ' Undefined flux_type given from field_table: ' // trim(flux_type_test))
        endif
      else
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
            & ' Undefined flux_type given as argument to the subroutine: ' // trim(flux_type))
      endif
    endif

    if (implementation .eq. ' ') then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Blank flux_type given')
    else
      if (fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(flux_type) // '/implementation/' // trim(implementation))) then
        call fm_util_set_value('implementation', implementation)

        ! Check that the flux_type/implementation that we will use
        ! (both possibly given from the field_table) is defined
        implementation_test = fm_util_get_string('implementation', scalar = .true.)
        if (.not. fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(flux_type_test) //  '/implementation/' // trim(implementation_test))) then
          if (flux_type .eq. flux_type_test) then
            if (implementation .eq. implementation_test) then
              call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Should not get here, as it is tested for above')
            else
              call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
                  & ' Undefined flux_type/implementation (implementation given from field_table): ' //&
                  & trim(flux_type_test) // '/implementation/' // trim(implementation_test))
            endif
          else
            if (implementation .eq. implementation_test) then
              long_err_msg = 'Undefined flux_type/implementation (flux_type given from field_table): '
              long_err_msg = long_err_msg // trim(flux_type_test) // '/implementation/'&
                  & // trim(implementation_test)
              call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // long_err_msg)
            else
              long_err_msg = ' Undefined flux_type/implementation (both given from field_table): '
              long_err_msg = long_err_msg //  trim(flux_type_test) // '/implementation/'&
                  & // trim(implementation_test)
              call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // long_err_msg)
            endif
          endif
        endif
      else
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
            & ' Undefined flux_type/implementation given as argument to the subroutine: ' //&
            & trim(flux_type) // '/implementation/' // trim(implementation))
      endif
    endif

    if (present(atm_tr_index)) then
      call fm_util_set_value('atm_tr_index', atm_tr_index)
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('atm_tr_index', 0)
    endif

    if (present(mol_wt)) then
      call fm_util_set_value('mol_wt', mol_wt)
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('mol_wt', 0.0)
    endif

    if (present(ice_restart_file)) then
      call fm_util_set_value('ice_restart_file', ice_restart_file)
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('ice_restart_file', 'ice_coupler_fluxes.res.nc')
    endif

    if (present(ocean_restart_file)) then
      call fm_util_set_value('ocean_restart_file', ocean_restart_file)
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('ocean_restart_file', 'ocean_coupler_fluxes.res.nc')
    endif

    if (present(param)) then
      num_parameters = fm_util_get_integer('/coupler_mod/types/' //&
          & trim(fm_util_get_string('flux_type', scalar = .true.)) // '/implementation/' //&
          & trim(fm_util_get_string('implementation', scalar = .true.)) // '/num_parameters',&
          & scalar = .true.)
      length = min(size(param(:)),num_parameters)
      if ((length .ne. num_parameters) .and. (verbose >= 5)) then
        write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' Number of parameters provided for ', trim(name), ' does not match the'
        write (outunit,*) 'number of parameters required (', size(param(:)), ' != ', num_parameters, ').'
        write (outunit,*) 'This could be an error, or more likely is just a result of the implementation being'
        write (outunit,*) 'overridden by the field table input'
      endif
      if (length .gt. 0) then
        call fm_util_set_value('param', param(1:length), length)
      else
        call fm_util_set_value('param', 'null', index = 0)
      endif
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('param', 'null', index = 0)
    endif

    if (present(flag)) then
      call fm_util_set_value('flag', flag, size(flag(:)))
    else
      call fm_util_set_value('flag', .false., index = 0)
    endif

    flux_list = '/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(flux_type) // '/'

    if (present(units)) then
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = ind_flux)) // '-units',&
          & units)
    else
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = ind_flux)) // '-units',&
          & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/units', index = ind_flux))
    endif

    do n = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name')
      if (n .ne. ind_flux) then
        call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = n)) // '-units',&
            & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/units', index = n))
      endif
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = n)) // '-long_name',&
          & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/long_name', index = n))
    enddo  ! n

    do n = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name')
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name', index = n)) //&
          & '-units', fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/units', index = n))
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name', index = n)) // '-long_name',&
          & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/long_name', index = n))
    enddo  ! n

    do n = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name')
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name', index = n)) // '-units',&
          & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/units', index = n))
      call fm_util_set_value(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name', index = n)) // '-long_name',&
          & fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/long_name', index = n))
    enddo  ! n

    ! Reset the defaults for the fm_util_set_value calls.
    call fm_util_reset_good_name_list
    call fm_util_reset_no_overwrite
    call fm_util_reset_caller

    ! Change back to the saved current list.
    if (.not. fm_change_list(current_list)) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not change back to ' // trim(current_list))
    endif

    !  Check for any errors in the number of fields in this list.
    if (caller_str .eq. ' ') then
      caller_str = trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')'
    endif
    good_list => fm_util_get_string_array('/coupler_mod/GOOD/fluxes/' // trim(name) // '/good_list',&
        & caller = caller_str)
    if (associated(good_list)) then
      call fm_util_check_for_bad_fields(trim(coupler_list), good_list, caller = caller_str)
      deallocate(good_list)
    else
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Empty "' // trim(name) // '" list')
    endif

    return
  end function aof_set_coupler_flux

  !> \brief Initialize gas flux structures
  !
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not get number of fluxes"
  !!     Number of gas fluxes is not a valid number
  !! \throw NOTE, "No gas fluxes"
  !!     No gas fluxes were found
  !! \throw NOTE, "Processing [gas_fluxes%num_bcs] gas fluxes"
  !!     Gas fluxes were found
  !! \throw FATAL, "[name] is not a list"
  !!     name needs to be a list, or typ is incorrectly defined
  !! \throw FATAL, "Flux index, [ind] does not match array index, [n] for [name]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Problem changing to [name]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined flux_type given for [name]: [gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Undefined implementation given for [name]: [gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type]/implementation/[gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "No param for [name]: need [num_parameters]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Wrong number of param for [name]: [size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param(:))] given, need [num_parameters]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "No params needed for [name] but has size of [size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param(:))]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Num_parameters is negative for [name]: [num_parameters]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "No flag for [name]: need [num_flags]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Wrong number of flag for [name]: [size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag(:))] given, need [num_flags]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "No flags needed for [name] but has size of [size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag(:))]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Num_flags is negative for [name]: [num_flags]"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Problem dumping fluxes tracer tree"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Number of fluxes does not match across the processors: [gas_fluxes%num_bcs] fluxes"
  subroutine atmos_ocean_fluxes_init(gas_fluxes, gas_fields_atm, gas_fields_ice, verbosity)
#ifdef __APPLE__
    ! This directive is needed for compilation with -O2 using ifort 15.0.3 20150408 (Mac OSX)
    ! because otherwise the model crashes with error "malloc: pointer being freed was not allocated"
    ! at the end of this subroutine.
!DIR$ OPTIMIZE:0
#endif

    type(coupler_1d_bc_type), intent(inout) :: gas_fluxes !< Structure containing the gas fluxes between
                                                          !! the atmosphere and the ocean and parameters
                                                          !! related to the calculation of these fluxes.
                                                          !! The properties stored in this type are set
                                                          !! here, but the actual value arrays are set later.
    type(coupler_1d_bc_type), intent(inout) :: gas_fields_atm !< Structure containing atmospheric surface
                                                          !! variables that are used in the calculation
                                                          !! of the atmosphere-ocean gas fluxes.
                                                          !! The properties stored in this type are set
                                                          !! here, but the actual value arrays are set later.
    type(coupler_1d_bc_type), intent(inout) :: gas_fields_ice !< Structure containing ice-top and ocean
                                                          !! surface variables that are used in the
                                                          !! calculation of the atmosphere-ocean gas fluxes.
                                                          !! The properties stored in this type are set
                                                          !! here, but the actual value arrays are set later.
    integer,        optional, intent(in)    :: verbosity  !< A 0-9 integer indicating a level of verbosity.

    character(len=*), parameter    :: sub_name = 'atmos_ocean_fluxes_init'
    character(len=*), parameter   :: error_header =&
        & '==>Error from ' // trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // '):'
    character(len=*), parameter   :: warn_header =&
        & '==>Warning from ' // trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // '):'
    character(len=*), parameter   :: note_header =&
        & '==>Note from ' // trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // '):'

    integer                                 :: num_parameters
    integer                                 :: num_flags
    integer                                 :: n
    integer                                 :: m
    character(len=128)                      :: caller_str
    character(len=fm_type_name_len)         :: typ
    character(len=fm_field_name_len)        :: name
    integer                                 :: ind
    integer                                 :: outunit
    integer                                 :: total_fluxes
    character(len=8)                        :: string
    character(len=128)                      :: error_string
    character(len=128)                      :: flux_list
    logical, save                           :: initialized = .false.
    integer :: verbose ! An integer indicating the level of verbosity.

    if (initialized) return

    verbose = 5 ! Default verbosity level
    if (present(verbosity)) verbose = verbosity

    ! Write out the version of the file to the log file.
    call write_version_number(trim(mod_name), version)

    initialized = .true.
    outunit = stdout()

    ! initialize the coupler type flux tracers
    call atmos_ocean_type_fluxes_init(verbose)

    if (verbose >= 9) then
      write (outunit,*)
      write (outunit,*) 'Dumping field manager tree'
      if (.not. fm_dump_list('/', recursive = .true.)) &
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Problem dumping field manager tree')
    endif

    caller_str = trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')'

    ! Set other defaults for the fm_util_set_value routines.
    call fm_util_set_no_overwrite(.true.)
    call fm_util_set_caller(caller_str)

    ! Determine the number of flux fields.
    gas_fluxes%num_bcs = fm_util_get_length('/coupler_mod/fluxes/')
    gas_fluxes%set = .true.
    gas_fields_atm%num_bcs = gas_fluxes%num_bcs ; gas_fields_atm%set = .true.
    gas_fields_ice%num_bcs = gas_fluxes%num_bcs ; gas_fields_ice%set = .true.
    if (gas_fluxes%num_bcs .lt. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not get number of fluxes')
    elseif (gas_fluxes%num_bcs .eq. 0) then
      if (verbose >= 5) &
          write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' No gas fluxes'
      return
    else
      if (verbose >= 5) &
          write (outunit,*) trim(note_header), ' Processing ', gas_fluxes%num_bcs, ' gas fluxes'
    endif

    ! allocate the arrays
    allocate (gas_fluxes%bc(gas_fluxes%num_bcs))
    allocate (gas_fields_atm%bc(gas_fields_atm%num_bcs))
    allocate (gas_fields_ice%bc(gas_fields_ice%num_bcs))

    ! Loop over the input fields, setting the values in the flux_type.
    n = 0
    do while (fm_loop_over_list('/coupler_mod/fluxes', name, typ, ind))
      if (typ .ne. 'list') then
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' ' // trim(name) // ' is not a list')
      else

        n = n + 1  ! increment the array index

        if (n .ne. ind) then
          if (verbose >= 3) &
              write (outunit,*) trim(warn_header), ' Flux index, ', ind,&
              & ' does not match array index, ', n, ' for ', trim(name)
        endif

        ! Change list to the new flux.
        if (.not. fm_change_list('/coupler_mod/fluxes/' // trim(name))) then
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Problem changing to ' // trim(name))
        endif

        ! Save and check the flux_type.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type = fm_util_get_string('flux_type', scalar = .true.)
        if (.not. fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type))) then
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Undefined flux_type given for ' //&
              & trim(name) // ': ' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type))
        endif
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%flux_type = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%flux_type = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type

        ! Save and check the implementation.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation = fm_util_get_string('implementation', scalar = .true.)
        if (.not. fm_exists('/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type) //&
            & '/implementation/' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation))) then
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Undefined implementation given for ' //&
              & trim(name) // ': ' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type) // '/implementation/' //&
              & trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation))
        endif
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%implementation = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%implementation = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation

        ! Set the flux list name.
        flux_list = '/coupler_mod/types/' // trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flux_type) // '/'

        ! allocate the arrays
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%num_fields = fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name')
        allocate (gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%num_fields))
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%num_fields = fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name')
        allocate (gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%num_fields))
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%num_fields = fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name')
        allocate (gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%num_fields))

        ! Save the name and generate unique field names for Flux, Ice and Atm.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%name = name
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name')
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%name = trim(name) // "_" // fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) //&
              & 'flux/name', index = m)
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%override = .false.
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%mean     = .false.
        enddo

        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%name = name
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name')
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%name = trim(name) // "_" // fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) //&
              & 'atm/name', index = m)
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%override = .false.
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%mean     = .false.
        enddo

        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%name = name
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name')
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%name = trim(name) // "_" // fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name', index = m)
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%override = .false.
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%mean     = .false.
        enddo

        ! Save the units.
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name')
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%units =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = m)) // '-units', scalar = .true.)
        enddo
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name')
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%units =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name', index = m)) // '-units')
        enddo
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name')
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%units =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name', index = m)) // '-units')
        enddo

        ! Save the long names.
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name')
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'flux/name', index = m)) // '-long_name', scalar = .true.)
          gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name = trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name) // ' for ' // name
        enddo
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name')
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'atm/name', index = m)) // '-long_name')
          gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name = trim(gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name) // ' for ' // name
        enddo
        do m = 1, fm_util_get_length(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name')
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name =&
              & fm_util_get_string(trim(fm_util_get_string(trim(flux_list) // 'ice/name', index = m)) // '-long_name')
          gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name = trim(gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%field(m)%long_name) // ' for ' // name
        enddo

        ! Save the atm_tr_index.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%atm_tr_index = fm_util_get_integer('atm_tr_index', scalar = .true.)

        ! Save the molecular weight.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%mol_wt = fm_util_get_real('mol_wt', scalar = .true.)
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%mol_wt = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%mol_wt
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%mol_wt = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%mol_wt

        ! Save the ice_restart_file.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ice_restart_file = fm_util_get_string('ice_restart_file', scalar = .true.)
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%ice_restart_file = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ice_restart_file
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%ice_restart_file = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ice_restart_file

        ! Save the ocean_restart_file.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ocean_restart_file = fm_util_get_string('ocean_restart_file', scalar = .true.)
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%ocean_restart_file = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ocean_restart_file
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%ocean_restart_file = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%ocean_restart_file

        ! Save the params.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param => fm_util_get_real_array('param')

        ! Save the flags.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag => fm_util_get_logical_array('flag')

        ! Perform some integrity checks.
        num_parameters = fm_util_get_integer(trim(flux_list) // 'implementation/' //&
            & trim(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%implementation) // '/num_parameters', scalar = .true.)
        if (num_parameters .gt. 0) then
          if (.not. associated(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param)) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i2)') ': need ', num_parameters
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' No param for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          elseif (size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param(:)) .ne. num_parameters) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i2,a,i2)') ': ', size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param(:)), ' given, need ', num_parameters
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Wrong number of param for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          endif
        elseif (num_parameters .eq. 0) then
          if (associated(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param)) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i3)') ' but has size of ', size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%param(:))
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' No params needed for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          endif
        else
          write (error_string,'(a,i2)') ': ', num_parameters
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // 'Num_parameters is negative for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
        endif
        num_flags = fm_util_get_integer(trim(flux_list) // '/num_flags', scalar = .true.)
        if (num_flags .gt. 0) then
          if (.not. associated(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag)) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i2)') ': need ', num_flags
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' No flag for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          elseif (size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag(:)) .ne. num_flags) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i2,a,i2)') ': ', size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag(:)), ' given, need ', num_flags
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Wrong number of flag for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          endif
        elseif (num_flags .eq. 0) then
          if (associated(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag)) then
            write (error_string,'(a,i3)') ' but has size of ', size(gas_fluxes%bc(n)%flag(:))
            call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' No flags needed for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
          endif
        else
          write (error_string,'(a,i2)') ': ', num_flags
          call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // 'Num_flags is negative for ' // trim(name) // trim(error_string))
        endif

        ! Set some flags for this flux_type.
        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_atm_pressure = fm_util_get_logical(trim(flux_list) // '/use_atm_pressure')
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%use_atm_pressure = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_atm_pressure
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%use_atm_pressure = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_atm_pressure

        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_10m_wind_speed = fm_util_get_logical(trim(flux_list) // '/use_10m_wind_speed')
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%use_10m_wind_speed = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_10m_wind_speed
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%use_10m_wind_speed = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%use_10m_wind_speed

        gas_fluxes%bc(n)%pass_through_ice = fm_util_get_logical(trim(flux_list) // '/pass_through_ice')
        gas_fields_atm%bc(n)%pass_through_ice = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%pass_through_ice
        gas_fields_ice%bc(n)%pass_through_ice = gas_fluxes%bc(n)%pass_through_ice
      endif
    enddo ! while loop

    if (verbose >= 5) then
      write (outunit,*)
      write (outunit,*) 'Dumping fluxes tracer tree'
      if (.not. fm_dump_list('/coupler_mod/fluxes', recursive = .true.)) then
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Problem dumping fluxes tracer tree')
      endif
    endif

    ! Check that the number of fluxes is the same on all processors
    ! If they are, then the sum of the number of fluxes across all processors
    ! should equal to the number of fluxes on each processor times the number of processors
    total_fluxes = gas_fluxes%num_bcs
    call mpp_sum(total_fluxes)
    if (total_fluxes .ne. mpp_npes() * gas_fluxes%num_bcs) then
      write (string, '(i4)') gas_fluxes%num_bcs
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
          & ' Number of fluxes does not match across the processors: ' // trim(string) // ' fluxes')
    endif

    ! Reset the defaults for the fm_util_set_value calls.
    call fm_util_reset_no_overwrite
    call fm_util_reset_caller
  end subroutine  atmos_ocean_fluxes_init

  !> Initialize the coupler type flux tracers
  !!
  !! Initialize the /coupler_mod/types/ fields in the field manager.  These fields
  !! include:
  !! \verbatim
  !! air_sea_gas_flux_generic/
  !!                          implementation/
  !!                                         ocmip2/
  !!                                                num_parameters = 2
  !!                          num_flags = 0
  !!                          use_atm_pressure = t
  !!                          use_10m_wind_speed = t
  !!                          pass_through_ice = f
  !!                          atm/
  !!                              name/
  !!                                   pcair, u10, psurf
  !!                              long_name/
  !!                                        'Atmospheric concentration'
  !!                                        'Wind speed at 10 m'
  !!                                        'Surface atmospheric pressure'
  !!                              units/
  !!                                    'mol/mol', 'm/s', 'Pa'
  !!                          ice/
  !!                              name/
  !!                                   alpha, csurf, sc_no
  !!                              long_name/
  !!                                        'Solubility from atmosphere'
  !!                                        'Surface concentration from ocean'
  !!                                        'Schmidt number'
  !!                              units/
  !!                                    'mol/m^3/atm', 'mol/m^3', 'dimensionless'
  !!                          flux/
  !!                               name/
  !!                                    flux, deltap, kw
  !!                               long_name/
  !!                                         'Surface gas flux'
  !!                                         'ocean-air delta pressure'
  !!                                         'piston velocity'
  !!                               units/
  !!                                     'mol/m^2/s', 'uatm', 'm/s'
  !! air_sea_gas_flux/
  !!                  implementation/
  !!                                 ocmip2/
  !!                                        num_parameters = 2
  !!                                 ocmip2_data/
  !!                                             num_parameters = 2
  !!                                 linear/
  !!                                        num_parameters = 3
  !!                  num_flags = 0
  !!                  use_atm_pressure = t
  !!                  use_10m_wind_speed = t
  !!                  pass_through_ice = f
  !!                  atm/
  !!                      name/
  !!                           pcair, u10, psurf
  !!                      long_name/
  !!                                'Atmospheric concentration'
  !!                                'Wind speed at 10 m'
  !!                                'Surface atmospheric pressure'
  !!                      units/
  !!                            'mol/mol', 'm/s', 'Pa'
  !!                  ice/
  !!                      name/
  !!                           alpha, csurf
  !!                      long_name/
  !!                                'Solubility from atmosphere'
  !!                                'Surface concentration from ocean'
  !!                      units/
  !!                            'mol/m^3/atm', 'mol/m^3'
  !!                  flux/
  !!                       name/
  !!                            flux
  !!                       long_name/
  !!                                 'Surface gas flux'
  !!                       units/
  !!                             'mol/m^2/s'
  !! air_sea_deposition/
  !!                    implementation/
  !!                                   dry/
  !!                                       num_parameters = 1
  !!                                   wet/
  !!                                       num_parameters = 1
  !!                    num_flags = 0
  !!                    use_atm_pressure = f
  !!                    use_10m_wind_speed = f
  !!                    pass_through_ice = t
  !!                    atm/
  !!                        name/
  !!                             depostion
  !!                        long_name/
  !!                                  'Atmospheric deposition'
  !!                        units/
  !!                              'kg/m^2/s'
  !!                    ice/
  !!                        name/
  !!                        long_name/
  !!                        units/
  !!                    flux/
  !!                         name/
  !!                              flux
  !!                         long_name/
  !!                                   'Surface deposition'
  !!                         units/
  !!                               'mol/m^2/s'
  !! land_sea_runoff/
  !!                 implementation/
  !!                                river/
  !!                                      num_parameters = 1
  !!                 num_flags = 0
  !!                 use_atm_pressure = f
  !!                 use_10m_wind_speed = f
  !!                 pass_through_ice = t
  !!                 atm/                  ! really land (perhaps should change this?)
  !!                     name/
  !!                          runoff
  !!                     long_name/
  !!                               'Concentration in land runoff'
  !!                     units/
  !!                           'kg/m^3'
  !!                 ice/
  !!                     name/
  !!                     long_name/
  !!                     units/
  !!                 flux/
  !!                      name/
  !!                           flux
  !!                      long_name/
  !!                                'Concentration in land runoff'
  !!                      units/
  !!                            'mol/m^3'
  !! \endverbatim
  !!
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"coupler_mod\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"GOOD\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"/coupler_mod/fluxes\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"/coupler_mod/types\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not change to \"/coupler_mod/types\""
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/ocmip2\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/implementation\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2_data\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/linear\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/atm\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/ice\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_gas_flux/flux\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/implementation\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/implementation/dry\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/implementation/wet\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/atm\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/ice\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"air_sea_deposition/flux\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff/implementation\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff/implementation/river\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff/atm\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff/ice\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not set the \"land_sea_runoff/flux\" list"
  !! \throw FATAL, "Could not change to \"/\""
  !! \throw FATAL, "Problem dumping /coupler_mod/types tree"
  subroutine atmos_ocean_type_fluxes_init(verbosity)
    integer, intent(in), optional :: verbosity  !< A 0-9 integer indicating a level of verbosity.

    integer :: verbose ! An integer indicating the level of verbosity.
    integer :: outunit
    character(len=*), parameter :: sub_name = 'atmos_ocean_type_fluxes_init'
    character(len=*), parameter :: caller_str =&
        & trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // ')'
    character(len=*), parameter   :: error_header =&
        & '==>Error from ' // trim(mod_name) // '(' // trim(sub_name) // '):'
    logical, save                           :: initialized = .false.

    if (initialized) return

    verbose = 5 ! Default verbosity level
    if (present(verbosity)) verbose = verbosity

    initialized = .true.

    call fm_util_set_no_overwrite(.true.)
    call fm_util_set_caller(caller_str)

    ! Be sure that the various lists and fields are defined in the field manager tree.
    if (fm_new_list('/coupler_mod') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "coupler_mod" list')
    endif

    if (fm_new_list('/coupler_mod/GOOD') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "GOOD" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('/coupler_mod/GOOD/good_coupler_mod_list', 'GOOD', append = .true.)

    if (fm_new_list('/coupler_mod/fluxes') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "/coupler_mod/fluxes" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('/coupler_mod/GOOD/good_coupler_mod_list', 'fluxes', append = .true.)

    if (fm_new_list('/coupler_mod/types') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "/coupler_mod/types" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('/coupler_mod/GOOD/good_coupler_mod_list', 'types', append = .true.)

    ! Change to the "/coupler_mod/types" list.
    if (.not. fm_change_list('/coupler_mod/types')) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not change to "/coupler_mod/types"')
    endif


    ! Define the air_sea_gas_flux_generic type and add it.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
          & ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic" list')
    endif

    ! Add the implementation list.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
          & ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation" list')
    endif

    ! Add the names of the different implementations.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/ocmip2') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
          & ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/ocmip2" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/ocmip2/num_parameters', 2)

    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/duce') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) //&
          & ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/duce" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/duce/num_parameters', 1)

    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/johnson') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/johnson" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/implementation/johnson/num_parameters', 2)

    ! Add some scalar quantaties.
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/num_flags', 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/use_atm_pressure', .true.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/use_10m_wind_speed', .true.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/pass_through_ice', .false.)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the atmosphere model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/name', 'pcair', index = ind_pcair)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/long_name', 'Atmospheric concentration', index = ind_pcair)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/units', 'mol/mol', index = ind_pcair)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/name', 'u10', index = ind_u10)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/long_name', 'Wind speed at 10 m', index = ind_u10)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/units', 'm/s', index = ind_u10)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/name', 'psurf', index = ind_psurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/long_name', 'Surface atmospheric pressure', index = ind_psurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/atm/units', 'Pa', index = ind_psurf)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the ice model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/name',      'alpha',                        index = ind_alpha)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/long_name', 'Solubility w.r.t. atmosphere', index = ind_alpha)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/units',     'mol/m^3/atm',                  index = ind_alpha)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/name',      'csurf',               index = ind_csurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/long_name', 'Ocean concentration', index = ind_csurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/units',     'mol/m^3',             index = ind_csurf)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/name',      'sc_no',          index = ind_sc_no)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/long_name', 'Schmidt number', index = ind_sc_no)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/ice/units',     'dimensionless',  index = ind_sc_no)

    ! Add the flux output field(s).
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/name',      'flux',         index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/long_name', 'Surface flux', index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/units',     'mol/m^2/s',    index = ind_flux)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/name',      'deltap',         index = ind_deltap)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/long_name', 'Ocean-air delta pressure', index = ind_deltap)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/units',     'uatm',    index = ind_deltap)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/name',      'kw',         index = ind_kw)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/long_name', 'Piston velocity', index = ind_kw)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/units',     'm/s',    index = ind_kw)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/name',      'flux0',         index = ind_flux0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/long_name', 'Surface flux no atm', index = ind_flux0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux_generic/flux/units',     'mol/m^2/s',    index = ind_flux0)

    ! Define the air_sea_gas_flux type and add it.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux" list')
    endif

    ! Add the implementation list.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/implementation" list')
    endif

    ! Add the names of the different implementations.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2/num_parameters', 2)
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2_data') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2_data" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/ocmip2_data/num_parameters', 2)
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/linear') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/linear" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/implementation/linear/num_parameters', 3)

    ! Add some scalar quantaties.
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/num_flags', 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/use_atm_pressure', .true.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/use_10m_wind_speed', .true.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/pass_through_ice', .false.)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the atmosphere model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/atm') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/atm" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/name',      'pcair',                     index = ind_pcair)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/long_name', 'Atmospheric concentration', index = ind_pcair)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/units',     'mol/mol',                   index = ind_pcair)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/name',      'u10',                index = ind_u10)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/long_name', 'Wind speed at 10 m', index = ind_u10)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/units',     'm/s',                index = ind_u10)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/name',      'psurf',                        index = ind_psurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/long_name', 'Surface atmospheric pressure', index = ind_psurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/atm/units',     'Pa',                           index = ind_psurf)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the ice model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/ice') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/ice" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/name',      'alpha',                                                index = ind_alpha)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/long_name', 'Solubility from atmosphere times Schmidt number term', index = ind_alpha)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/units',     'mol/m^3/atm',                                          index = ind_alpha)

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/name',      'csurf',                                         index = ind_csurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/long_name', 'Ocean concentration times Schmidt number term', index = ind_csurf)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/ice/units',     'mol/m^3',                                       index = ind_csurf)

    ! Add the flux output field(s).
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_gas_flux/flux') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_gas_flux/flux" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/flux/name',      'flux',         index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/flux/long_name', 'Surface flux', index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_gas_flux/flux/units',     'mol/m^2/s',    index = ind_flux)

    ! Define the air_sea_deposition type and add it.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition" list')
    endif

    ! Add the implementation list.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/implementation') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/implementation" list')
    endif

    ! Add the names of the different implementations.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/implementation/dry') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/implementation/dry" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/implementation/dry/num_parameters', 1)
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/implementation/wet') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/implementation/wet" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/implementation/wet/num_parameters', 1)

    ! Add some scalar quantaties.
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/num_flags', 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/use_atm_pressure', .false.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/use_10m_wind_speed', .false.)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/pass_through_ice', .true.)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the atmosphere model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/atm') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/atm" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/atm/name',      'deposition',             index = ind_deposition)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/atm/long_name', 'Atmospheric deposition', index = ind_deposition)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/atm/units',     'kg/m^2/s',               index = ind_deposition)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the ice model.
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/ice') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/ice" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/ice/name',      ' ', index = 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/ice/long_name', ' ', index = 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/ice/units',     ' ', index = 0)

    ! Add the flux output field(s).
    if (fm_new_list('air_sea_deposition/flux') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "air_sea_deposition/flux" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/flux/name',      'flux',               index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/flux/long_name', 'Surface deposition', index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('air_sea_deposition/flux/units',     'mol/m^2/s',          index = ind_flux)

    ! Define the land_sea_runoff type and add it.
    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff" list')
    endif

    ! Add the implementation list.
    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff/implementation') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff/implementation" list')
    endif

    ! Add the names of the different implementations.
    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff/implementation/river') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff/implementation/river" list')
    endif
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/implementation/river/num_parameters', 1)

    ! Add some scalar quantaties.
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/num_flags', 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/use_atm_pressure', .false.)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/use_10m_wind_speed', .false.)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/pass_through_ice', .true.)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the land model (the array name is still called "atm").
    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff/atm') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff/atm" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/atm/name',      'runoff',                       index = ind_runoff)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/atm/long_name', 'Concentration in land runoff', index = ind_runoff)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/atm/units',     'mol/m^3',                      index = ind_runoff)

    ! Add required fields that will come from the ice model.
    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff/ice') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff/ice" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/ice/name',      ' ', index = 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/ice/long_name', ' ', index = 0)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/ice/units',     ' ', index = 0)

    ! Add the flux output field(s).

    if (fm_new_list('land_sea_runoff/flux') .le. 0) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not set the "land_sea_runoff/flux" list')
    endif

    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/flux/name',      'flux',                         index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/flux/long_name', 'Concentration in land runoff', index = ind_flux)
    call fm_util_set_value('land_sea_runoff/flux/units',     'mol/m^3',                      index = ind_flux)

    ! Change back to root list.
    if (.not. fm_change_list('/')) then
      call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Could not change to "/"')
    endif

    ! Reset the defaults for the fm_util_set_value calls.
    call fm_util_reset_no_overwrite
    call fm_util_reset_caller

    ! Dump the coupler_mod types list.
    if (verbose >= 5) then
      outunit = stdout()
      write (outunit,*)
      write (outunit,*) 'Dumping coupler_mod/types tree'
      if (.not. fm_dump_list('/coupler_mod/types', recursive = .true.)) then
        call mpp_error(fatal, trim(error_header) // ' Problem dumping /coupler_mod/types tree')
      endif
    endif
    return
  end subroutine atmos_ocean_type_fluxes_init
end module  atmos_ocean_fluxes_mod